专项温习 ▏七年事英语（下）单位中枢语法精讲（上）七年事英语下册期末熟谙满分必刷题第6-12单位中枢语法中枢语法 6 现时进行时1.用法(1)显露谈话时正在进行或发生的算作。常与now， right now， at the moment等时辰状语或动词listen， look等连用.(2)显露现时一段时辰内一直进行的算作。常和these days， this week， at present(现时)等时辰状语连用。2.组成(1)现时进行时由“be动词(is/am/are)+动词的-ing容颜”组成，其狡赖句要在be动词之后加not;变一般疑问句要将be动词提到句首。(2)动词-ing容颜的变化规矩规矩例词一般在动词原形末尾平直加-ingwork→working read→reading以不发音字母e拆开的动词，先去掉e，再加-inglive→living write→writing以重读闭音节拆开的动词且末尾唯有一个子音字母，应先双写这个子音字母，再加-ingstop→stopping swim→swimmingrun→running sit→sitting以ie拆开的重读开音节的动词，将ie改为y，再加-ingdie→dying tie→tying lie→lying【巧学妙记】现时分词回想歌诀现时分词很好记，动词后缀-ing.词尾若有哑音e，去e再加没问题.一辅重音闭音节，这个字母要双写.die， tie要留心，改ie为y再加-ing.语法简易单项遴荐1.Listen! The boy_________ in the room. He often_________ English songs.A. sings; is singingB.is singing; singsC.sings;singsD. is singing; is singing2.Look! The cat_________ the tree.A. climbsB.is climbingC. climbedD. climbing3.--Where is your sister now?--She_________ in the library.A. studiesB. studyingC. is studyingD. study4.--Anita， where is your brother?--He_________ in the garden with a group of kids.A. playsB. playC.are playingD. is playing5.--Where is your father， Jack?--Oh， he_________ a newspaper in the bedroom.A.is readingB. readC. readsD. are reading6.--Is Bob doing his homework?--No， he_________， He_________ a letter.A. doesn't; writesB. isn't; writesC. isn't; is writingD. doesn't; is writing谜底:1.B 窥察现时进行时和一般现时时的用法.句意:听！阿谁男孩正在房间里唱歌.他频频唱英语歌曲.listen是现时进行时的符号词.often是一般现时时的符号词.故选B.2.B 窥察现时进行时的用法.句意:瞧！猫在爬树.look是现时进行时的符号词.故选B.3.C 窥察现时进行时的用法.句意:－你妹妹现时在那处?－她正在藏书楼里学习.now是现时进行时的符号词.故选C.4.D 窥察现时进行时的用法.句意:－安妮塔，你的弟弟在哪儿?－他正在花圃里和一群孩子玩.证实问句“where is your brother”可知，显露的时辰是此时此刻，是以答语要用现时进行时.故选D.5.A 窥察现时进行时的用法.句意:－杰克，你爸爸在哪儿?－哦，他正在卧室里看报纸.证实问句“Where is your father”可知，显露的时辰是此时此刻，是以答语要用现时进行时.故选A.6.C 窥察现时进行时的用法.句意:－鲍勃正在作念功课吗?－不，他莫得.他正在写一封信.问句用现时进行时，答语也要用现时进行时.故选C.中枢语法7一、一般现时时与现时进行时的辞别一般现时时现时进行时成见显露频频性或民风性的算作或存在的状态，也显露主语具备的性情、能力或叙述客不雅真谛显露现时或现阶段正在进行或发生的算作组成1.主语＋be+其他2.主语十实义动词十其他主语＋be+动词现时分词十其他时辰状语always，usually， often， sometimes， every day， on Sundays， in the morning/afternoon/ evening等now， right now， at the moment， at this time， look， listen等例句Mom cooks dinner for us every day.姆妈每天给咱们作念晚饭.Jane usually plays the guitar on Sundays.简无为在周日弹吉他.Mom is cooking dinner for us now.姆妈现时在给咱们作念晚饭.Listen! Jane is playing the guitar.听！简正在弹吉他.二、显露盘问天气的句型“How's the weather...或“What's the weather like..?”意为“······天气怎样?”用来盘问天气情况.常用“It's+描绘天气的形容词或现时分词”来恢复。语法简易I.用所给单词的合适容颜填空1.It's_________ (sun) today. Let's take a walk in the park.2.I always_________ (wash) my clothes in the evening， and now I_________ (wash)a T-shirt.3.We can't go out now. It's_________ (rain) outside now.4.Be quiet! Grandpa_________ (sleep) right now in the next room.5.Lily's mother_________ (look) very young and beautiful.谜底:1.sunny 2.wash;am washing 3.raining 4.is sleeping 5.looksII.单项遴荐1.It often_________ here in winter. Look! It's_________ again.A. snowy; snowingB.snow; snowyC. snows; snowingD. snowing; snows2.On a_________ morning， he came back home.A. rainB. rainyC. rains3.-- _________ is the weather_________ in Yichun?--It's sunny.A. How's; likeB. How; likeC. What; likeD. What's; like4.--It's_________ outside. Remember to put on warm clothes， Peter!--OK， Mom.A. hotB. warmC. dryD. cold5.-- _________ the weather like in Hangzhou?--It's cloudy.A. How'sB. WhatC. HowD. What's谜底:1.C 窥察动词的时态.句意;这里冬天频频下雪.看！天又下起雪来了.由“often”可知，第一空需用一般现时时且用第三东说念主称单数容颜;再由“Look”可知，第二空需用现时进行时.故选C.2.B 窥察形容词的用法.句意;在一个下雨的早上，他回家去了.rain下雨，是动词;rainy 下雨的，是形容词;rains下雨，是动词.故选B.3.C 窥察固定句型.句意;－在宜春的天气何如?－是晴明的.How is the weather?=What's the weather like?故选C4.D 窥察形容词词义辨析.hot热的;warm良善的;dry干燥的;old冷的.由“牢记穿上良善的衣着”可知，外面的天气很冷.故选D.5.D 窥察固定句型.“What's the weather like in+方位?”用于盘问某地的天气气象.故选D.III.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.It's sunny today.(对画线部分发问)_________ the_________ today?2.Mom is cooking in the kitchen.(对画线部分发问)_________ Mom_________ in the kitchen?3.There is a lot of snow today in Beijing.(改为同义句)It_________ _________ today in Beijing.4.The story is really terrible.(对画线部分发问)_________ _________ the story?5.How's the weather today?(改为同义句)_________ the weather_________ today?谜底:1.How's;weather 2.What's;doing 3.is snowy 4.How is 5.What's;like中枢语法8 there be句型的用法1.组成there be句型显露“某处有(存在)某东说念主／某物”，其结构为“There be+主语＋方位”.2.句式结构句式结构例句细则句There is/are+某物／某东说念主+方位状语There is an apple on the table.桌上有一个苹果.狡赖句There isn't/aren't+某物／某东说念主+方位状语There aren't any students in the classroom.教室里莫得学生.一般疑问句Is/Are there+某物／某东说念主+方位状语?细则恢复:Yes， there is/are.狡赖恢复:No， there isn't/aren't.-Is there a bank near here?-隔邻有一家银行吗?-Yes， there is./No， there isn't.-是的，有.／不，莫得.3.用法(1)there be句型中be动词的容颜要和后来的主语在东说念主称和数上保合手一致.(2)若有两个或两个以上的名词作东语，be动词要和最围聚它的阿谁主语在东说念主称和数上保合手一致，即遵照“就近原则”.4.there be句型与 have的辞别对象调换不同there be皆显露“有”之意显露“某处有(存在)某东说念主／某物”，强调客不雅存在have显露“某东说念主有某物”，强调所属干系语法简易I.单项遴荐1.There_________ some milk and several apples in the fridge.A. isB. areC. be2.--Are there any vegetables in the fridge?--_________. I'll buy some.A. No， there aren'tB.No， they aren'tC.Yes， there areD. Yes， they are3.--What's in the noodles?--There_________ some beef and vegetables in the noodles.A. isB. areC. has4.-- _________ there any vegetables in the soup?--Yes， and there_________ some mutton， too.A. Are; isB. Are; areC. Is; isD. Is; are5.--Where did you go on Children's Day?--I went to the Green Lake Park. There_________ lots of children.A. isB. wasC. areD. were谜底:1.A 窥察there be句型的用法.句意;雪柜里有一些牛奶和几个苹果.there be句型中的be动词的容颜取决于紧挨主语的容颜.故选A.2.A 窥察情景交际.句意;－雪柜里有什么蔬菜吗?－不，莫得.我去买一些.No， there aren't不，莫得.是对上文的狡赖恢复.故选A.3.A 窥察there be句型的用法.句意;－面条里有什么?－面条里有一些牛肉和蔬菜.there be句型的be动词的容颜取决于紧挨主语的容颜.故选A.4.A 窥察there be句型的用法.句意;一汤里有一些蔬菜吗?－有，还有一些羊肉.vegetables是名词复数，是以第一空要用are; mutton是不可数名词，是以第二空要用is.故选A.5.D 窥察there be句型的用法.句意;－在儿童节那天你去了那处?－我去了格林湖公园.有很多孩子.问句用一般畴前时，答语也要用一般畴前时.children是复数名词，be动词用were.故选D.II.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.There are some trees near the house.(改为狡赖句)There_________ _________ trees near the house.2.There is a post office near here.(改为一般疑问句)_________ _________ a post office near here?3.Are there any people in the square?(作狡赖恢复)No， _________ _________.4.There are thirty desks in the classroom.(对画线部分发问)_________ _________ desks_________ there in the classroom?5.He has two beds in his room.(改为同义句)_________ _________ two beds in his room.谜底:1.aren't any 2.Is there 3.there aren't 4.How many; are 5.There are中枢语法9一、盘问及描绘外貌1.盘问外貌盘问某东说念主长什么格式用“What+do/does+ sb.look like?”句型。其中，what充任宾语;look like意为“看起来像······”，like后接宾语。2.描绘外貌描绘东说念主物外貌的常用句型有:(1)主语＋is/are+介词短语(2)主语＋is/are+形容词(短语)(3)主语＋have/has+(a/an)+形容词＋名词(4)主语＋wear/wears+名词【留心】盘问某东说念主的气质和性情时无为用“What+be+sb.like?”句型。二、遴荐疑问句1.结构(1)“一般疑问句＋or+遴荐部分”(2)“独特疑问句＋or+遴荐部分”2.恢复遴荐疑问句不可用yes或no恢复，而必须遴荐所给遴荐的一项恢复。语法简易I.单项遴荐1.--Is Peter_________?--No. He is of medium height.A， thinB. heavyC. highD. tall2.--What does Nancy look like?--_________.A. She is friendlyB. She is a teacherC. She is longD. She is short3.--Is Alice heavy or thin?--_________.A. Yes， she is heavyB. No， she is thinC. She is heavy or thinD. She is thin4.-- _________?--He is a tall man with glasses.A. How is AlanB. What does Alan likeC. What is AlanD. What does Alan look like5.The boy with_________ hair wears_________.A. curly short; glassesB. short curly; a glassC. short curly; glassesD. curly short; a glass6.-- _________?--He is quiet.A. What does he likeB. What is he likeC. What does he look likeD. What would he like谜底:1~4 DDDD5.C 窥察形容词和名词的用法.形容头发的章程是;长短→瑕瑜→神气;glass意为“眼镜”时，为可数名词，用复数.故选C.6.BII.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.David is of medium height.(改为同义句)David_________ _________ _________ _________.2.Mr. Dean always does some exercise in the morning.(改为狡赖句)Mr. Dean_________ _________ _________ exercise in the morning.3.They're very smart.(对画线部分发问)_________ _________ they_________?4.My dad is good at playing tennis.(加入 soccer改为遴荐疑问句)_________ your dad good at playing tennis_________ soccer?5.Lisa has big eyes and a long face.(对画线部分发问)_________ _________ Lisa_________ _________?谜底:1.isn't tall or short 2.never does any 3.What are; like 4.Is;or 5.What does; look like中枢语法10一、would like的基本用法(一)基本用法would like 用来表暗示愿，意为“念念要;酣畅”，和want的意旨有趣接近，但比want口吻委婉、客气.其中would是神情动词，常可缩写为’d。(二)常见用法1.would like sth.意为“念念要某物”.“Would you like sth.?”意为“你念念要某物吗?”该句型是礼貌而又委婉地盘问对方需求时的用语。2.would like (sb.)to do sth.意为“念念要(某东说念主)作念某事”.“Would you like to do sth.?”意为“你酣畅作念某事吗?”该句型显露有礼貌地向对方提议建议或邀请。二、some和any的用法some意为“一些”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词some一般用于细则句中;只怕用于疑问句中，显露邀请或但愿得回对方的细则恢复，常出现时would like句型中anyany用在狡赖句、疑问句和要求句中三、不可数名词的用法不可数名词具有不可数性.一般说来，不可数名词大多是一些物资名词或显露玄虚事物的名词。其用法归纳如下:(一)唯有原形，莫得复数容颜。(二)不可平直用不定冠词a、an或指点代词this、that、these、those来修饰，但不错用定冠词the或some、lots of、a lot of、much来修饰。(三)作东语时，谓语动词要用单数容颜。(四)用代词指代不可数名词时，用单数it，不可用they或them。(五)不可数名词的数量，常借助量词来抒发，数量不啻一个时，量词用复数容颜。语法简易I.单项遴荐1.--Would you like some beef noodles?--________，I'd like tomato and egg noodles.A. Yes， pleaseB. No， thanksC. That's all right2.--Is there________ meat in the egg soup?--Yes， there is.A. someB. anyC. fewD. many3.--Would you like some more rice?--________.I eat too much.A. No， thanksB.Yes， thank youC. I'd love toD. Yes， please4.--I have________ tea here.--Really? But I don't see tea.A. any; anyB.some; anyC.some;someD. any; some5.--Would you like to study with me?--________.A. Yes， I likeB. No， I wouldC. No， I don't like toD. Yes， I'd like to6.Some meat________ on the table and some apples________ in the box.A. is; isB. is; areC. are ;isD. are; are7.Would you like________ soccer after school?A. playB. playingC. to playD. plays谜底:1.B 窥察情景交际.句意:－你念念要吃牛肉面吗?－不，谢谢.我念念要西红柿鸡蛋面.Yes， please是的;No， thanks不，谢谢;That's all right 不迫切.故选B.2.B 窥察形容词辨析.句意:－鸡蛋汤里有一些肉吗?－是的，有一些.some一些;any一些，用于狡赖句和疑问句中;few很少，many很多.故选B.3~7 ABDBCII.用所给单词的合适容颜填空1.We have some new________ (special) in our restaurant.2.Tom would like some mutton and cabbage________ (noodle).3.What kind of________ (soup) would you like?4.There________ (be) some beef in the noodles.5. There are some________ (tomato) and________ (porridge) on the table.谜底:1.specials 2.noodles 3.soup 4.is 5.tomatoes;porridge中枢语法11一般畴前时(一)一、界说一般畴前时显露畴前某个时辰或某一段时辰内发生的算作或存在的状态，也显露畴前频频或反复发生的算作.二、结构(一)细则句:主语＋动词的畴前式＋其他.(二)狡赖句:1.主语＋was/were+ not+其他.2.主语＋didn't+动词原形＋其他.(三)一般疑问句:1.Was/Were+主语＋其他?细则恢复:Yes，主语＋was/were.狡赖恢复:No，主语＋was/were not.2.Did+主语＋动词原形＋其他?细则恢复:Yes，主语＋did.狡赖恢复:No，主语＋didn't.(四)独特疑问句:独特疑问词十一般疑问句?留心:在含be动词的句式中，主语是第一东说念主称和第三东说念主称单数容颜时用was，其他东说念主称用were.三、规矩动词的畴前式的组成(一)一般在动词原形末尾加-ed.(二)以e拆开的动词在词尾加-d.(三)末尾唯有一个子音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个子音字母，再加-ed.(四)以子音字母加y拆开的动词，先把y酿成i，再加-ed.四、不规矩变化的有:see→saw， do→did， go→went， am/is→was， are→were， has/have→had等语法简易I.单项遴荐1.Dany________ to school yesterday because it was Sunday.A. didn't goB. doesn't goC. didn't went2.--What did you do last weekend?--I________ my homework.A. am doingB. didC. do3.Ten years ago， Wang Ming________ in Tongdao， but now he________ in Zhijiang.A. lived; livedB. lived; livesC. lived; living4.--What did you do________?--I went shopping.A. on weekdaysB. on weekendsC.next weekendD. last weekend5.--Gina， ________ you________ the dishes last night?--Yes， I did.A. did; doB. are; doingC. do; doD. can; do6.--Hurry up! The last train________ at 10:30 p.m.--Too late. It________ 5 minutes ago.A. leaves; leftB. leaves; leavesC. left; leftD. will leave; left谜底:1.A 窥察狡赖句.句意:Dany昨天莫得去上学，因为是星期天.一般畴前时的狡赖句是didn't+动词原形.故选A.2.B 窥察一般畴前时的用法.句意:－你上周末作念了什么?－我作念功课了.问句用一般畴前时，答语也要用一般畴前时.故选B.3.B 窥察一般畴前时和一般现时时的用法.句意:十年前，王明住在通说念，但现时他住在芷江.ten years ago是畴前时辰，第一空用一般畴前时.now是一般现时时的符号词.故选B.4.D5.A 窥察一般畴前时的用法.句意:吉娜，昨天晚上你洗碗了吗?－－是的，我洗碗了.last night是一般畴前时的符号词.故选A.6.A 窥察一般异日时和一般畴前时的用法.句意:－－－快点！最晚一回火车将在晚上十点半起程.－太晚了，它五分钟前就起程了.指由时代表决定的事无为用一般现时时显露异日，第一空用leaves;5 minutes ago 是畴前的时辰，是一般畴前时的符号词，是以第二空用left.故选A.II.用所给单词的合适容颜填空1. My parents________ (be) both at home yesterday.2.They________ (stay) in Australia last week.3.My father________ (grow) some roses last year.4.-What did they do just now?-They________ (feed) cows on grass.5.-How was your weekend?-It was great， I________ (go) to the mountains with my family.谜底:1.were 2. stayed 3.grew 4.fed 5.went中枢语法11一般畴前时(二)一、一般畴前时的用法(一)一般畴前频频与yesterday、last week、just now、in 1989(年份)、two years ago、this morning (afternoon/evening)等显露畴前的时辰 状语连用，显露畴前某个时辰或某段时辰内发生 的算作或存在的状态.(二)常与频度副词 often、usually、always、sometimes等连用，显露畴前反复发生的算作.二、一般畴前时的独特疑问句(一)界说:以疑问词着手，对句中某一部分进行发问的句子叫作独特疑问句.常见的疑问词(组)有what、who、whose、when、where、which、why、how、what time、what color、how old、how long、how many、how much、how often、how soon等.(二)句型结构:1.疑问词＋was/were+表语＋其他?2.疑问词＋活动动词的畴前式＋其他?3.疑问词＋was/were+主语＋其他?4.疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其他?(三)答语:恢复独特疑问句时，不可用yes或no恢复，而要针对问句所发问的实践作相应的恢复.语法简易1.写出下列动词的畴前式1.make________2.stay________3.put________4.write________5.feed________6.run________7.teach________8.study________谜底:1.made 2.stayed 3.put 4.wrote5.fed 6.ran 7.taught 8.studiedII.单项遴荐1.The young man________ a student four years ago， but now he________ a teacher.A. is; isB. was; wasC. was; isD. is; was2.What________ Jim________ last weekend?A. does; didB. did; didC. did; doD. does; do3.--Amy， ________ did you go just now?--I went to the library.A. whatB. howC. whenD. where4.-- ________ did he do last Sunday?--He read an interesting book.A. WhatB. WhyC. WhenD. Where5. --Jane， you look very tired today.--Yes. I________ sleep well last night.A. don'tB. didn'tC. wasD. wasn't谜底:1~5 CCDABIII.对画线部分发问(每空一词)1.The music festival last Friday was excellent.________ ________ the music festival last Friday?2.We saw many butterflies in the park.________ ________ you________ in the park?3.Mary put her keys in her schoolbag this morning.________ ________ Mary________ her keys this morning?4.Lucy learned a second language at the age of ten.________ ________ Lucy________ a second language?5. David went to Hainan with his friends yesterday afternoon.________ ________ David________ to Hainan________ yesterday afternoon?谜底:1.How was 2.What did; see 3.Where did; put 4.When did; learn 5，Who did; go; with
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